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Journal of Tropical Life Science : International Journal of Theoretical, Experimental, and Applied Life Sciences
Published by Universitas Brawijaya
ISSN : 20875517     EISSN : 25274376     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture, Social,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Environmental Science
The Journal of Tropical Life Science (JTLS) provides publication of full-length papers, short communication and review articles describing of new finding or theory in living system, cells and molecular level in tropical life science and related areas. The journal publishes articles that report novel findings of wide Tropical Life system phenomenon in the areas of biodiversity, agriculture, fisheries, health, husbandry, forestry and environmental technology. JTLS has 1 volume with 3 issues per year.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 15 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 11, No 1 (2021)" : 15 Documents clear
COVID-19 to Curb Positive Climate and Negative Recession Zambare, Vasudeo Pandharinath
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 11, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.11.01.15

Abstract

A novel coronavirus originated COVID-19 a pandemic disease that is rapidly progressing and spreading the infection and death cases thorough out the globe [1-2]. It's an alarming situation for an individual's survival. As a remedial action, many countries opted for curfews or lockdown and serious actions were taken by the government to stop the spreading of novel coronavirus by shutting down private industries, schools, offices, and many more nonessential businesses. The outcome of lockdown resulted in almost negligible use of polluting vehicles, and industries which has direct setbacks on the global economy.            The lockdown option showed a positive impact on health by minimizing the risk of COVID-19 infectivity as well as environmental rejuvenate in terms of tremendous improvement in air quality, sound pollution reduction, and ultimately the ozone layer healing. Thus, a precautionary measure taken against pandemic disease COVID-19 would have a positive impact on climate change at the global level. The financial activity has caught up and stock markets have to plummet alongside the declining environmental pollution including carbon emissions, sound, and natural water resources. It's the precise opposite of the drive towards a sustainable economy that many have been a campaigner for the future. But, a negative setback of COVID-19 toll of early deaths of family belongings, food scarcity, loss of jobs, struggle to earn the daily bread, family security, homesick and mental sickness.  The widespread job losses would be in danger the income source of millions as businesses are struggling to cope with the limitations being put in place to control the deadly coronavirus during the lockdown period.            Thus, I urge every national, public-private organization, research institutes to take early remedial strategies for the negatively affected community surveillance, health encouragement, education, food security, and job opportunities to control the 21st century’s biggest recession [3]. COVID-19 impacted improvement in the environmental air and water quality is a natural healing process and all nationals must maintain it in the future by adopting good hygiene and behavioral practices.
in silico Study Reveals Potential Docking Sites of δ 2-isoxazolines derivates for Inhibiting Russell’s Viper PLA2 Toxin Kholilah, Tsaniyah Nur; Widodo, Nashi; Kurniawan, Nia
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 11, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.11.01.06

Abstract

Snake venom phospholipase A2s (svPLA2s) has been known as the most abundant component and predominant cause of Russell’s viper envenomation. Limitation to serum therapy and considerable pharmacological interest led the researcher to synthesized multi-toxic PLA2 inhibitors, δ2-isoxazolines derivate. Although δ2- isoxazolines derivate already proved inhibitor activity in Group II svPLA2 with known IC50, their mechanism of action remains unveiled. Our recent study investigated their inhibitory activity via molecular docking. The virtual screening revealed that the ligand with diverse structures tied to the relatively same active site region. The result sheds light on the significance of His48 and Asp49 as part of the pro-inflammatory eliciting region. ADME analysis was also performed to filter and identify the best potential inhibitor acceptable for human use. This moiety leads to finding a better therapeutic strategy of svPLA2 inhibitors both as an alternative to serum anti-venom treatment.
High Potential of Liquid Smoke from Coconut Shell (Cocos nucifera) for Biological Control of Rice Bug (Leptocorisa oratorius Fabricius) Gama, Zulfaidah Penata; Purnama, Rizky Mulyo Adi; Melani, Dewi
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 11, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.11.01.11

Abstract

Rice bug (Leptocorisa oracorius F) is one of the most dangerous pests for paddy commodities (Oryza sativa) in the world. The use of liquid smoke was popular among local farmers to control rice bug. A coconut shell is the main source for making liquid smoke. This research aims to analyse rice bugs' mortality and antifeedant activity when dipped with coconut shell liquid smoke. The liquid smoke's effectiveness was measured by dipping paddy (5 grams in weight) that is previously soaked with coconut shell liquid for 20 seconds. The liquid smoke was prepared in various concentrations, ranging from 0% as a control; 0.50%; 0.75%; 1%; 1.25% and 1,50%. Observations were made at 24, 48, 72, 96, 120, 144 and 168 hours. Data analysis was performed by one-way ANOVA test, using SPSS program followed by a 0.05 Tukey test to determine the significance of the rice bug pest mortality. The study resulted that the mortality values from low concentrations to high concentrations were 40%, 46.67%, 60%, 70%, and 80% over seven days. The antifeedant percentage of liquid smoke increased from low concentrations to high concentrations respectively were 10.14%, 15.15%, 31.03%, 46.15%, and 68.88% during seven days. The concentration of liquid smoke that has the highest mortality was 1.50%. In conclusion, 1.50% of liquid smoke showed the highest percentage of mortality and antifeedant activity with 80% and 68.88%, respectively. In the future, it is hoped to develop this model for commercial consumption and reduce reliance on chemicals to control rice bugs. The use of pesticides can do more harm than good, especially to the environmental system.
Ethnobotany of three sea grass species from Port Blair, a step towards its conservation in Andaman Islands PJ, Mohammed Naufal; Padmavati, G
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 11, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.11.01.02

Abstract

Ethno-phycology is the study of the relationships of human society to flora and its ecosystem. In the marine world, ethno-biology is a thriving area of research which have yielded valuable ethno-biological knowledge. The main goal of the present study was to understand the effect of abiotic factors as well as the natural and anthropogenic disturbances that shape seagrass community in Andaman Island and to reveal the knowledge of the local people, about the significance of seagrass habitat and its conservation. The qualitative study on distribution of seagrasses in Chidiyatapu (11° 29' 30" to 11° 30' 34" N and 92° 35' 10" to 92° 42' 30" E) was carried out during December2012 to February 2013. A total of three seagrass species such as Thalassia hempirichi (Ehrenberg) Ascherson, 1871, Halodule uninervis  (R.Brown) J.D.Hooker 1858, Halophila ovalis (Forsskål) Ascherson 1882, where identified. Among them, T. hempirichi, and H. ovalis found in this study was reported to have the ethno-medicinal value from west coast of India. As a part of the study, the  semi-structured survey was carried out among the local coastal people to analyse the Traditional Ecological Knowledge (TEK). The survey has revealed the  unawareness of  coastal residents about the medicinal, nutritional as well as conservational values of seagrasses. An effective implementation has to be taken to make them aware that seagrasses are fundamental components of healthy marine ecosystems and the local livelihoods that rely on them. The present findings provide the first report on the ethno-phycology of seagrasses from South Andaman Island.
Maternal Diet During Pregnancy and COVID-19 Susceptibility of Offspring: The “Thrifty Phenotype Hypothesis” Connection Deocaris, Custer C; Alinsug, Malona V
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 11, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.11.01.07

Abstract

There is accumulating evidence suggesting that ACE2, the host cell receptor for the spike (S) protein of the SARS-CoV-2, mediates viral entry and infection, is under epigenetic control. Here, we discuss studies suggesting a nutritional strategy for down-regulating ACE2 expression in tissues of offspring through the phenomenon of maternal epigenomic reprogramming mediated by maternal diet. The "thrifty hypothesis" was first proposed by Hales and Barker, which posits that specific genes are programmed based on early-life experience to promote efficient fat deposition and storage in adulthood. Our analysis of the proposed mechanism for "early life programming" in this paper via nutritional modulation of histone acetylation and DNA methylation goes beyond the physiological consequence of boosting the innate cellular resistance to a viral transmission. During the pandemic, where there is still no specific antiviral drug or a widely disseminated vaccine for COVID-19, we hypothesize that an epigenomic nutrition approach may be a practical approach to help mitigate viral transmission offspring.
Evaluation on the Legal Trade of Tokay gecko (Lacertidae; Gekkonidae; Gekko gecko Linnaeus, 1758) in Indonesia Kurniawan, Nia; Hamidy, Amir; Ardiantoro, Ari
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 11, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.11.01.12

Abstract

Tokay gecko (Gekko gecko) is a large-sized gecko from the genus of Gekko, which is most commonly found from South Asia, southern China, and Southeast Asia. In Indonesia, these species are common to inhabit human-modified habitat in Sumatera, Borneo, Java, Bali, Lesser Sundas, Sulawesi, and Moluccas. In recent years, the demand for Tokay gekko with high use-value in both national and international markets has increased, one of which is used for traditional medicine. This situation raised the concern on the decreasing of the wild population and the validity of captive breeding programs that produced a large number of individuals. Several reports had estimated millions of individuals have been exported from Indonesia either legally or illegally, however, the exact number never been reported. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the trend on the harvested Tokay gecko and its origin based on the source code information. The data were collected from government records, including specimens harvested from the wild and specimens produced from captivity during 2013 - 2018 (six years). The results showed that the legally exported specimens were sourced from wild (W) and captive breeding (C or F). The total numbers of individuals exported from the wild harvest are 97.146, and all export realization is below the wild harvest quota. However, there are the large numbers of individuals exported and declared as specimens produced from the captive breeding facilities (6.965.000 with source code F, and 1.236.000 with source code C). More importantly, the high level of specimens produced from captive breeding facilities is unlikely to match with the biological capacity of this species. Therefore, we predict that specimens labeled captive breeding were likely sourced from the wild.
Dehalogenases for pollutant degradation in brief: A mini review Zakary, sefatullah; Oyewusi, Habeebat Adekilekun; Huyop, Fahrul
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 11, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.11.01.03

Abstract

Dehalogenases are microbial enzyme catalysed the cleavage of carbon-halogen bond of halogenated organic compounds. It has potential use in the area of biotechnology such as bioremediation and chemical industry. Halogenated organic compounds can be found in a considerable amount in the environment due to utilization in agriculture and industry, such as pesticides and herbicides. The presence of halogenated compound in the environment have been implicated on the health and natural ecosystem. Microbial dehalogenation is a significant method to tackle this problem. This review intends to briefly describe the microbial dehalogenases in relation to the environment where they are isolated. The basic information about dehalogenases in relation to dehalogenation mechanisms, classification, sources and the transportation of these pollutants into bacterial cytoplasm will be described. We also summarised readily available synthetic halogenated organic compound in the environment.
Effect of alkaline protease produced from fish waste as substrate by Bacillus clausii on destaining of blood stained fabric P, Saravana kumari; R, Reshma
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 11, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.11.01.08

Abstract

Alkaline protease or peptidases are the largest group of enzymes in biological industry with variety of application in various industries to process of raw material, dehairing, diagnosis, extraction, food production and processing, destaining, etc., where the conditions prevails above neutral pH. Because of the wider applications the demand also increases for alkaline proteases, so required to produce in large scale cost effectively. An alkaline tolerant bacterial strain Bacillus clausii was isolated from fish waste and used for mass production of alkaline protease using fish waste homogenate as media. Preliminary study on optimization of conditions for the mass production carried out. The optimum temperature for protease production ranges between 25oC and 35oC and pH determined as 9. Along with fish waste homogenate, the mass production of extracellular alkaline protease from mobilized and immobilized cells of B. clausii carried out in production media, mixture of production media and fish waste homogenate and nutrient broth as standards. The recorded results showed that the maximum enzyme production obtained immobilized cells in nutrient broth media and followed by fish waste homogenate of 8900 U/ml and 8600 U/ml respectively. Purified enzyme yield was maximum obtained from production media 0.35 g/ml.  Blood stained cloth treated with immobilized enzyme completely removed stain compared to treatment with non-immobilized enzyme and commercially used detergent. So the current study suggests the usage of microbial alkaline protease in house hold detergent to replace usage of chemicals and save the environment from chemical pollutants.
Effect of essential oils on seed borne Fusarium sp., and seed quality of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) GIRISH, K; S, Chaithra T; Fathima, Syeda Kousar
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 11, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.11.01.13

Abstract

Sesame is as an important oilseed crop and seed borne fungi are reducing the yield as well as quality of the seeds produced. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of essential oils for control of seed borne fungi as well as enhancement of seed quality of sesame. Fusarium sp., was isolated from sesame seeds by agar plate method. Four essential oils such as camphor oil, cinnamon oil, clove oil and rose oil were screened for their antifungal potential against the isolated Fusarium sp., by poisoned food method. Selected essential oils were tested at different concentrations of 100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 ppm concentrations for their ability to inhibit the mycelial growth of test fungi. All the oils completely inhibited the mycelial growth of test fungi at 500 ppm concentration. The effect of selected essential oils on sesame seed quality was analyzed by standard blotter method. All the four oils increased the germination percentage and seed vigour while the fungal infection was completely inhibited without any phytotoxic effects. These results observed of the essential oils indicate the possible usage of them for the sesame seed treatment following further investigations.
Isolation and Characterization of Fungi strains associated with Mycotoxin Production from Bambara (Vigna subterranea (L) verdc) nuts Recovered in Nigeria Odetunde, Simeon Kolawole; Fapohunda, Stephen Oyedele; Jonathan, Segun Gbolagade
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 11, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.11.01.04

Abstract

Fungal contamination of food commodities is a global food security challenge that impacts negatively on the health of consumers. Mycotoxins are produced as secondary metabolites by some pathogenic fungi and may contaminate agricultural products while on the field or during harvesting and storage. A field survey was conducted in order to isolate and identify the mycotoxin producing fungal strains in Bambara nuts collected from major markets in eight States in Nigeria. Samples per site were pooled, processed and screened for the presence of mycotoxin-producing fungi by culture technique and intergenic spacer sequencing (ITS).  Mycotoxin production was determined using thin layer chromatography (TLC) with scanning densitometer.  Twenty-four producing fungal strains: Talaromyces pinophilus, Macrophomina phaseolina (6), Fusarium oxysporum (2), Aspergillus foetidus, Aspergillus flavipes, Rhizopus oryzae (2), Phanerochaete chrysosporium, Aspergillus flavus (2), Aspergillus terreus, Aspergillus awamori, Aspergillus welwitschiae, Rhizopus microsporus, Ceriporia lacerate and Fusarium verticillioides (accession numbers of MN42329-MN4233323) were identified from Bambara nuts. The genera Macrophomina were the most dominant.  Some of the identified fungi are noted for the production of mycotoxins and mycotoxins exert toxic effects on animals and humans. The fungi associated to Bambara nut diseases were identified and can be taken as targets in varietal improvement of Bambara nut for resistance to fungal diseases in Nigeria.

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